Urban plan: Kura

Transforming a vacant site of 8,500m2 into a new residential area: this is our urban plan for Kura, Otrobanda (Curacao). Our plan positions new buildings around the preserved monuments, balancing the old and the new while respecting the scale and character of the neighborhood.

The site is strategically located between Frederikstraat and Fergusonstraat, adjacent to Belvederestraat, where many offices are located, including our own office in Willemstad. We were tasked with conducting a comprehensive study on how we can redesign this area to make it a pleasant place to live again, without it becoming overcrowded and blocking other neighborhoods.

Context

To fully understand the site, we investigated how centuries of growth, decay, and vegetation shaped the site. The Kura site is surrounded by buildings dating back to the 18th and 19th centuries. Some have been designated as monuments and renovated, others are still awaiting restoration.

At the end of the 18th century, many formerly enslaved individuals who had earned or purchased their freedom settled in Otrobanda. Under Roman law, applicable in Dutch colonies, enslaved people could earn money and save toward buying freedom for themselves or their families. Otrobanda proved to be a popular destination as Punda began to fill up. The first large houses were built at that time. Among these historic properties are Kura di Shon Ki, owned by Maria Anthony, a wealthy free black woman, and Kura di Shon Toms, owned by Maria Albertus. Interestingly, many neighboring properties were also owned by women, many of whom were formerly enslaved. Along Frederikstraat, there were two small houses, referred to at the time as “sheds.” It remains unclear to what extent the current buildings existed back then.

These two houses hold a rich history, demonstrating that formerly enslaved people not only worked the land but also mastered crafts that enabled them to achieve freedom and property ownership.

Spatial research

Part of our research was on the area’s landscape. The northern part of the site was once densely vegetated, but today, only a few trees remain. Our proposal seeks to restore the greenery and bring back a strong green fabric. The new greenery weaves through the site, connecting with existing trees and restoring this historic green network.

We also conducted a spatial analysis to evaluate accessibility by foot and car. This information allowed us to determine the position of the new construction. The positioning enhances visibility and integrates seamlessly with the surrounding urban fabric.

New construction

Based on our historical and spatial analysis, we developed a layout that preserves the two monumental buildings, Kura di Shon Toms and Shon Ki. These buildings will become focal points, while new development remains secondary. In total, there will be 29 residential apartments, divided over three blocks. The apartments will range from 50–90 m².

We didn’t want to fit all the apartments into a single block because this would result in an imposing building. Instead, we opted for a finer, more fragmented layout that harmonizes with the surrounding fabric. This is also required by local Monument Law and the Island Development Plan, that state that the new buildings must maintain a height comparable to neighboring structures. Buildings along the outer edge will be slightly taller, while those in the center are lower, creating a dynamic stepped silhouette.

The urban development plan for Kura outlines a small neighborhood with sufficient outdoor space, including staggered terraces and green public areas. We wanted to create spaces that encourage spontaneous encounters, reflecting the social dynamic of Otrobanda.